Visualizing a Bubble Sort in Python

Introduction

Sorting algorithms have been the cornerstone of computer science for decades, integral to data organization and retrieval. They range from simple, intuitive methods to complex algorithms designed for specific data structures or efficiency requirements. The journey of sorting algorithms began with basic techniques like Bubble Sort and has evolved to more advanced methods such as Quicksort and Merge Sort, optimizing for time and space complexities.

The Simplicity and Legacy of Bubble Sort

Among the earliest sorting algorithms, Bubble Sort stands out for its simplicity and didactic value. Conceived in the late 1950s, its name and mechanism are derived from the way smaller elements “bubble” to the top (beginning) of the list, while larger elements sink, mimicking the behaviour of air bubbles in water. Despite its inefficiency on large datasets, where its O(n²) time complexity becomes apparent, Bubble Sort’s straightforward logic makes it an ideal introductory algorithm for students in computer science.

The Mathematical Underpinnings

Bubble Sort operates by repeatedly stepping through the list, comparing adjacent elements, and swapping them if they are in the wrong order. This process is repeated until the list is…